X-rays
	CAT Scan
	MRI
	Myelogram
	Bone Scan
	DEXA Scan
	EMG

What is it?
A myelogram is ordered when precise detail about the spinal cord or nerves is needed to make a definitive diagnosis. Myelography is an imaging process that involves injecting a radiographic contrast medium (dye) into the subarachnoid space of the thecal sac (cauda equina) surrounding the spinal cord and nerves. After allowing the liquid dye some time to spread, an X-ray image is taken. In this way, any abnormalities within the spinal canal can be better identified to aid in the diagnosis of certain spinal conditions, such as nerve compression or a disc rupture. A normal myelogram shows a spinal canal of consistent width, i.e., one that exhibits no obstructions or constrictions.

Why is it done?
A myelogram is typically ordered in cases where other diagnostic tests have not provided a doctor sufficiently enough information about the spinal canal and/or nerves for the doctor to make a definitive diagnosis.

What does it involve?
A fluoroscope (an X-ray machine that combines an X-ray source and a fluorescent screen to enable direct observation) is used to find the best location for injecting the radiographic contrast medium (dye) into the subarachnoid space. After numbing the overlying skin with a local anesthetic, the dye is injected. The flow of the dye is observed using the fluoroscope. After confirming that the dye has spread to the area of interest, X-rays are taken. In some cases, a CAT scan is taken immediately after the myelogram, while the contrast material is still in the spinal canal. The test takes approximately 30 to 60 minutes to complete depending on the extent to which the doctor wants to examine the spinal canal. The CAT Scan adds approximately another hour to the examination time.

How should I prepare for it?
A myelogram does not require much preparation on the part of the patient. You may be asked to put on a hospital gown and to remove any objects that may interfere with the imaging process, such as jewelry and eyeglasses. Female patients should always inform their doctor, as well as the person administering the test, if there is any possibility that they are pregnant.

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